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1.
Med. leg. Costa Rica ; 40(2)dic. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1514473

ABSTRACT

El crimen organizado se ha convertido en un flagelo a nivel internacional conformado por grupos al margen de la ley que realizan todo tipo de actividades que involucran desde tráfico de personas, secuestros, extorsiones, narcotráfico y muchos otros delitos. Producto de este fenómeno, la desaparición y ejecución de personas es cada día más frecuente, en muchos casos los cuerpos son quemados o desmembrados para impedir o hacer más difícil la identificación. La odontología forense se ha convertido en una disciplina transcendental en la identificación de cadáveres y restos óseos, además de contar con múltiples métodos para estimar la edad aproximada de una persona. Se presenta el caso de un descuartizamiento múltiple de tres individuos masculinos donde era indispensable identificar si alguno correspondía a una persona menor de 18 años.


Organized crime has become an international scourge made up of outlaw groups that carry out all kinds of activities ranging from human trafficking, kidnapping, extortion, drug trafficking and many more. As a result of this phenomenon, the disappearance and execution of people is becoming more frequent every day, in many cases the bodies are burned or dismembered to prevent or make identification more difficult. Forensic odontology has become a transcendental discipline in the identification of corpses and skeletal remains, in addition to having multiple methods to estimate the approximate age of a person. The case of a multiple dismemberment of three male individuals is presented, where it was essential to identify a person under 18 years of age.


Subject(s)
Humans , Age Determination by Teeth/methods , Crime Victims , Dentition , Forensic Dentistry/instrumentation , Calcification, Physiologic , Costa Rica , Molar, Third/pathology
2.
Odovtos (En línea) ; 25(3): 118-129, Sep.-Dec. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1529073

ABSTRACT

Abstract Dental age estimation is very important for individual identification in criminal and civil forensic investigations. One of the methods for age estimation is studying age related changes in pulp volume of teeth. The objective of the current study was to estimate dental age from the pulp volume of five different categories of teeth of a Peruvian sample using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Retrospective CBCT records of 231 patients (females (134), males (97), age: 12-60 years) were included in the study, categorized into five different age groups (12-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60 years and older). Dental pulp volume of five categories of teeth(upper canines, left upper central incisors, left upper first molars, lower left first premolars, first molars) were analyzed using Romexis® 5.3.3.5 software for each patient. There was a reduction in the pulp volume of upper right and left canine with age. The Pulp volume was lowest in people aged 60 years and over. Linear regression analysis of the pulp volume and chronological age showed a coefficient of determination of 30%, suggesting a weak correlation. A weak correlation between dental pulp and age is derived. But, a robust large homogenous sample of teeth in future for different age groups may establish a reliable regression equation.


Resumen La estimación de la edad dental en personas vivas y cadáveres es muy importante para la Odontología Forense, sobre todo en casos de identificación en investigaciones legales y sociales. El objetivo del estudio fue estimación de la edad dental mediante la medición del volumen pulpar de imágenes dentales en tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (TCHC) de pacientes peruanos. Fueron analizadas 231 TCHC de pacientes entre 12 a 60 años a más. (Mujeres (134), hombres (97)) se dividieron en seis grupos de edad (12-19, 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60 años a más). El análisis volumétrico de la pulpa dental se realizó en un total de 1155 dientes (caninos superiores, incisivos centrales superiores izquierdos, primeros molares superiores izquierdos y primeros premolares inferiores izquierdos), mediante el software Romexis® 5.3.3.5. El análisis de regresión lineal mostró un coeficiente de determinación del 30% que sugiere una correlación débil entre la relación del volumen pulpar de los dientes y la edad. El volumen pulpar de los caninos superiores derecho e izquierdo disminuyó a medida que aumentaba la edad y el volumen pulpar en dientes de personas de 60 años a más fue el más bajo. Sin embargo, se pueden proponer estudios futuros para incluir una gran muestra homogénea de dientes en diferentes categorías y grupos de edad para confirmar la correlación y establecer una ecuación de regresión confiable.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Age Determination by Teeth/methods , Dental Care for Children/statistics & numerical data , Dental Pulp/anatomy & histology , Forensic Dentistry/methods , Peru , Cone-Beam Computed Tomography/statistics & numerical data
3.
São Paulo; s.n; 20231213. 121 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1519683

ABSTRACT

A estimativa de idade à morte de indivíduos arqueológicos é um processo muito importante para a reconstrução do perfil demográfico de populações passadas, no entanto, é alvo de debates e discussões quanto à sua acurácia. A estimativa da idade de um indivíduo pelos dentes é um dos métodos mais confiáveis e simples para remanescentes esqueléticos, já que os dentes são altamente resistentes a impactos mecânicos, químicos, físicos e ao tempo. Os objetivos desta tese foram mapear os métodos de estimativa de idade dental utilizados em contexto arqueológico e estimar a idade de indivíduos de cinco sítios arqueológicos pré-coloniais do Estado de São Paulo: Buracão, Capelinha 1, Moraes, Piaçaguera e Tenório sob curadoria do Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MAE-USP). Este volume apresenta um compilado de três capítulos que investigaram 1) os métodos de estimativa de idade aplicados em dentes permanentes em indivíduos arqueológicos através de uma revisão de escopo; 2) estimativa de idade a partir da avaliação da proporção das áreas polpa/dente em caninos de indivíduos de sambaquis brasileiros; 3) estimativa de idade a partir da análise dos estágios de mineralização de terceiros molares de indivíduos de sambaquis brasileiros. O primeiro capítulo (revisão de escopo) foi conduzido e relatado de acordo com as recomendações propostas pelo Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) e com o referencial The Joanna Brigs Institute for Scoping Reviews. Para os dois últimos capítulos (realização de estimativa de idade), os dentes de interesse foram radiografados com o aparelho de raios X portátil de corrente direta Nomad e as imagens foram obtidas, exportadas e analisadas em extensão DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine). Os caninos (n=60) foram avaliados e as áreas mensuradas no software livre ImageJ por duas examinadoras calibradas e foi realizado o teste de reprodutibilidade, para toda a amostra, intra (ICC = 0,888 a 0,99) e inter examinadores (ICC = 0,842 a 0,908). Os terceiros molares (n=18) foram avaliados no software livre Stellar View a partir da análise dos estágios de Demirjian e o teste de confiabilidade intra examinador quanto à classificação dos estágios apresentou concordância quase perfeita (Kappa = 0,94). Com a revisão de escopo, foi possível notar uma predileção, na literatura, por métodos não-destrutivos para a estimativa da idade dental em indivíduos arqueológicos; dentre eles, a análise de características do desenvolvimento e maturação dental, a avaliação do depósito de dentina secundária na câmara pulpar e a análise do desgaste dental. A aplicação da proporção das áreas pulpar/dental obteve idades próximas ou que cruzaram os intervalos etários estimados anteriormente por outros métodos antropológicos pelo MAE-USP. A avaliação dos estágios de desenvolvimento apresentou bons resultados: dos 18 dentes avaliados, 15 tiveram a idade estimada dentro do intervalo etário anteriormente avaliado pelo MAE-USP e apenas três não coincidiram, sendo que dois ficaram poucos anos abaixo das idades estimadas anteriormente e o outro, oito anos. Após a realização do estudo, foi possível concluir que ambas as técnicas podem ser aplicadas em remanescentes arqueológicos.


Subject(s)
Paleodontology , Archaeology , Age Determination by Teeth
4.
Int. j. morphol ; 41(3): 733-742, jun. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1514294

ABSTRACT

En la última década, la odontología forense se ha enfocado en el desarrollo de metodologías para la estimación de edad (EE) debido a la gran demanda en procesos identificatorios. Entre esas técnicas, el conteo de anulaciones del cemento dental (TCA) ha ofrecido resultados promisorios, pero también contradictorios que han generado dudas sobre su precisión y confiabilidad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar, establecer alcances, e identificar las limitaciones del conteo de TCA según los actuales estándares normativos y metodológicos. Se realizó una revisión con búsqueda sistemática del método de conteo de TCA para EE incluyendo estudios experimentales y notas técnicas en las bases PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS) y Embase. Se emplearon los términos "estimation", "age" y "cementum", con búsqueda manual complementaria en Google Scholar. Se excluyeron revisiones, estudios en colecciones arqueológicas, estudios radiológicos y cartas al editor. La búsqueda arrojó un total de 273 artículos, seleccionándose 27 que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. La mayoría de los estudios fueron publicados en Asia, particularmente en India (n=21). Sólo 6 artículos declararon el número total de individuos, tipos de diente y de cortes histológicos, siendo el premolar el más estudiado. Apenas dos artículos evaluaron la calidad de la muestra a analizar mediante legibilidad de los cortes obtenidos. El test más empleado para evaluar la precisión del método fue el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson (n=21). Estos hallazgos exponen la alta heterogeneidad reportada en las metodologías de EE mediante conteo por TCA, por lo que aún no existe un proceso estandarizado que abarque todas sus etapas y entregue resultados confiables siguiendo los estándares jurídicos actuales para la evidencia científica. Un mayor control de las limitaciones técnicas detectadas aumentará el valor como prueba en un contexto identificatorio legal o forense.


SUMMARY: In the last decade, forensic odontology has focused on the development of age estimation (AE) methodologies due to the great request in identification processes. Among these techniques, the tooth cementum annulation (TCA) count method has offered promising but also contradictory results, raising questions about its accuracy and reliability. The aim of this work was to characterize, establish the scope, and identify the limitations of the TCA count method according to the current normative and methodological standards. A scoping review was carried out for TCA count methods for AE, including experimental studies and technical notes in the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS) and Embase databases. The terms "estimation", "age" and "cementum" were used, with a complementary manual search in Google Scholar. Reviews, studies in archaeological collections, radiological studies and letters to the editor were excluded. The search yielded a total of 273 articles, selecting 27 of them that met the inclusion criteria. Most of the studies were published in Asia, particularly India (n=21). Only 6 articles declared the total number of individuals, types of teeth, and histological sections, with the premolar being the most studied. Only two articles evaluated the quality of the sample to be analyzed through the legibility of the cuts obtained. The most widely used test to assess the precision of the method was the Pearson correlation coefficient (n=21). These findings expose the high heterogeneity reported in EE methodologies by counting TCA, so there is still no standardized process that covers in all its stages and delivers reliable results following current legal standards for scientific evidence. More control of the detected technical limitations will increase the value as evidence in a legal or forensic identification context.


Subject(s)
Humans , Age Determination by Teeth/methods , Dental Cementum/anatomy & histology , Forensic Dentistry
5.
Odovtos (En linea) ; 25(1)abr. 2023.
Article in English | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1422192

ABSTRACT

To determine the accuracy of the Kvaal method in the estimation of dental age through the analysis of digital panoramic radiographs of patients between 20 and 47 years of age who attended the stomatological clinic of the Universidad Científica del Sur, (2018 to 2019), Lima-Perú. 289 digital panoramic radiographs belonging to individuals of both sexes, aged 20 to 47 years were analyzed. Length and width measurements were obtained in the dental and pulp chamber in the upper central incisors. These data were subsequently evaluated by calculating the proportions between the pulp and root length of the upper central incisor by applying the formula of the method of Kvaal et al. to obtain the accuracy of the method in estimating dental age. Applying the formula of Kvaal et al. indicates that the relationship between the width of the pulp and the length of the root has a higher level of significance in relation to others proportions: M mean value of all ratios except T (-0.659) and W-L difference between W and L (-0.643). The coefficient of determination (r²) and standard error of estimation (SEE) using the original Kvaal formula is r²: 0.70, SEE: 4.90 years, then a modified Kvaal formula was proposed for the Peruvian population. The Method of Kvaal et al. has an accuracy of 1.24 in estimating the dental age of individuals, using the upper central incisor in digital panoramic radiographs.


Determinar la precisión del método de Kvaal en la estimación de la edad dental mediante el análisis de radiografías panorámicas digitales de pacientes entre 20 a 47 años atendidos en la clínica estomatológica de la Universidad Científica del Sur, (2018 a 2019), Lima-Perú. Se analizaron 289 radiografías panorámicas digitales pertenecientes a individuos de ambos sexos, de 20 a 47 años. Se obtuvo medidas de longitud y anchura en la cámara dental y pulpar en los incisivos centrales superiores. Estos datos se valoraron posteriormente al calcular las proporciones entre la pulpa y longitud de la raíz del incisivo central superior aplicando la fórmula del método de Kvaal et al. para obtener la precisión del método en la estimación de la edad dental. Al aplicar la fórmula de Kvaal et al. indica que la relación entre la anchura de pulpa y la longitud de la raíz presentan un nivel de significancia mayor en relación a otras proporciones: M valor medio de todas las proporciones excepto T (-0.659) y W-L: diferencia entre los valores de W y L (-0.643). El coeficiente de determinación (r²) y el error estándar de la estimación (SEE) utilizando la fórmula original de Kvaal es de r²: 0.70, SEE: 4.90 años, después se propuso una fórmula modificada de Kvaal para la población peruana. El Método de Kvaal et al. tiene una precisión del 1.24 en la estimación de la edad dental de los individuos, utilizando el incisivo central superior en radiografías panorámicas digitales.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Age Determination by Teeth/methods , Peru , Radiography, Panoramic , Incisor
6.
Int. j. morphol ; 41(2): 451-455, abr. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1440320

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar el tiempo empleado al estimar la edad dental (ED) entre el método propuesto por Demirjian et al. y el cuadro integral del enfoque de Demirjian (DAEcc) utilizando radiografías panorámicas digitales de individuos peruanos de 5 a 13 años residentes en Lima. Se realizó un estudio no experimental, comparativo, transversal y retrospectivo. Se utilizaron 100 radiografías panorámicas digitales que presentaban siete dientes permanentes mandibulares izquierdos. Una odontóloga forense capacitada y calibrada determinó el tiempo utilizado en evaluar la maduración dental y la estimación de ED con dos métodos (Demirjian y DAEcc). La unidad de medida utilizada fue los minutos (min.). No hubo diferencias en el tiempo de evaluación del estadio de maduración dental entre ambos métodos (p<0,05). El tiempo para estimar ED fue estadísticamente inferior con DAEcc (2,09 min) que con Demirjian (4,19 min). La diferencia del tiempo total de evaluación resultó estadísticamente significativa entre ambos métodos (Δ2,1 min.; 2,05-2,11; p=0,000). La aplicación del DAEcc redujo en 50 % el tiempo empleado en estimar ED en comparación con los cuadros propuestos por Demirjian. Aunque la odontología forense se centra en el estudio de la eficacia de estimación de la edad, es necesario abordar también su uso práctico.


SUMMARY: The objective of this study was to compare the time used to estimate dental age (DA) between the method proposed by Demirjian et al., and the comprehensive chart for dental age estimation (DAEcc) using digital panoramic radiographs of Peruvian individuals aged 5 to 13 years residing in Lima. A non- experimental, comparative, cross-sectional and retrospective study was carried out. 100 digital panoramic radiographs showing seven mandibular left permanent teeth were used. A trained and calibrated forensic odontologist determined the time used to assess tooth maturation and DA estimation with two methods (Demirjian and DAEcc). The unit of measurement used was minutes (min.). There were no differences in the evaluation time of the dental maturation stage between both methods (p<0.05). The time spent to estimate DA was statistically less with DAEcc (2.09 min) than with Demirjian (4.19 min). The difference in total evaluation time was statistically significant between both methods (Δ2.1 min; 2.05-2.11; p=0.000).The application of DAEcc reduced by 50 % the time spent estimating DA compared to the method proposed by Demirjian. Although forensic odontology focuses on the study of the effectiveness of age estimation, its practical use needs to be addressed as well.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Tooth/diagnostic imaging , Age Determination by Teeth/methods , Forensic Dentistry , Peru , Time Factors , Tooth/growth & development , Radiography, Panoramic , Pilot Projects , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies
7.
Pesqui. bras. odontopediatria clín. integr ; 23: e210165, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1521292

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the reliability and the accuracy of Tooth Coronal Index (TCI) and Pulp/Tooth Ratio (PTR) methods in dental age estimation using digital panoramic radiography. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 237 dental panoramic images were collected. The two methods (TCI and PTR) were applied to all left mandibular first and second molars based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. In order to analyze the acquired data, statistical methods were used. The estimated ages derived by exclusive formula were compared to the chronological age, and the error ranges for each indicator were measured to determine their accuracy. Results: There were negative correlations between PTR in the first molar (r=-0.89) and in the second molar (r=-0.788), as well as TCI in the first molar (r=-0.587) and in the second molar (r=-.242). In this study, we found that the Pulp/Tooth Ratio (PTR) accuracy rate for mandibular first and second molar teeth was 79.21% and 62.09 %, respectively, although the Tooth Coronal Index (TCI) value for these teeth was 34.45% and 5.85%. Conclusion: Pulp/Tooth Ratio and Tooth Coronal Index are potential age estimation indices. Although PTR was the more accurate one in our study. The results also demonstrated that indices related to the first molar tooth could be used to estimate age with greater accuracy and validity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Age Determination by Teeth , Radiography, Panoramic/instrumentation , Dental Pulp Cavity/anatomy & histology , Molar/anatomy & histology , Linear Models , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Statistics, Nonparametric
8.
Int. j. morphol ; 40(3): 650-656, jun. 2022. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385661

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: The objective of this review was to identify original studies describing radiographic methods for dental age estimation applied in Chilean children, considering that it is a country with a long history of natural disasters and it has shown an unprecedented increase in the number of migrants in recent years, with significant percentages of individuals under 18 years of age. A scoping review was carried out following the methodology for the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping reviews and PRISMA guidelines. A specific search strategy was implemented in PubMed/Medline database, with complementary use of the Google Scholar website searching for full articles in English and Spanish. Five documents responded to the search objective, of which only 3 were published in refereed journals. Two documents focused their study on the maturation of upper and lower third molars, one on the maturation of the second and lower third molars, and two documents on the maturation of the seven mandibular teeth according to classical methodologies. The scarce existing literature, the almost absence of validated methods for the Chilean population, as well as the reported mass immigration phenomenon make a new and profound scientific research approach necessary for the application of updated methods.


RESUMEN: El objetivo de esta revisión fue identificar estudios originales que describan métodos radiográficos para la estimación de la edad dental aplicados en niños chilenos, considerando que Chile es un país con una larga historia de desastres naturales y que ha mostrado un aumento sin precedentes en el número de inmigrantes en los últimos años, con porcentajes significativos de individuos menores de 18 años. Se llevó a cabo una revisión con búsqueda sistemática siguiendo la metodología del Instituto Joanna Briggs y las pautas PRISMA. Se implementó una estrategia de búsqueda específica en la base de datos PubMed/Medline, con uso complementario de Google Scholar, buscando artículos completos en inglés y español. Cinco documentos respondieron al objetivo de búsqueda, de los cuales solo 3 fueron publicados en revistas arbitradas. Dos documentos centraron su estudio en la maduración de los terceros molares superiores e inferiores, uno en la maduración de los segundos y terceros molares inferiores y dos documentos en la maduración de los siete dientes mandibulares según metodologías clásicas. La escasa literatura existente, la casi ausencia de métodos validados para la población chilena, así como el fenómeno de inmigración masiva reportado, hacen necesario un nuevo y profundo enfoque de investigación científica para la apli- cación de métodos actualizados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Age Determination by Teeth/methods , Radiography, Dental , Emigration and Immigration , Forensic Dentistry , Chile
9.
São Paulo; s.n; 20220622. 87 p.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1373159

ABSTRACT

A estimativa de idade à morte de indivíduos arqueológicos é um processo muito importante para a reconstrução do perfil demográfico de populações passadas, no entanto, é alvo de debates e discussões quanto à sua acurácia. A estimativa da idade de um indivíduo pelos dentes é um dos métodos mais confiáveis e simples para remanescentes esqueléticos, já que os dentes são altamente resistentes a impactos mecânicos, químicos, físicos e ao tempo. Os objetivos desta tese foram mapear os métodos de estimativa de idade dental utilizados em contexto arqueológico e estimar a idade de indivíduos de cinco sítios arqueológicos pré-coloniais do Estado de São Paulo: Buracão, Capelinha 1, Moraes, Piaçaguera e Tenório sob curadoria do Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MAE-USP). Este volume apresenta um compilado de três capítulos que investigaram 1) os métodos de estimativa de idade aplicados em dentes permanentes em indivíduos arqueológicos através de uma revisão de escopo; 2) estimativa de idade a partir da avaliação da proporção das áreas polpa/dente em caninos de indivíduos de sambaquis brasileiros; 3) estimativa de idade a partir da análise dos estágios de mineralização de terceiros molares de indivíduos de sambaquis brasileiros. O primeiro capítulo (revisão de escopo) foi conduzido e relatado de acordo com as recomendações propostas pelo Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) e com o referencial The Joanna Brigs Institute for Scoping Reviews. Para os dois últimos capítulos (realização de estimativa de idade), os dentes de interesse foram radiografados com o aparelho de raios X portátil de corrente direta Nomad e as imagens foram obtidas, exportadas e analisadas em extensão DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine). Os caninos (n=60) foram avaliados e as áreas mensuradas no software livre ImageJ por duas examinadoras calibradas e foi realizado o teste de reprodutibilidade, para toda a amostra, intra (ICC = 0,888 a 0,99) e inter examinadores (ICC = 0,842 a 0,908). Os terceiros molares (n=18) foram avaliados no software livre Stellar View a partir da análise dos estágios de Demirjian e o teste de confiabilidade intra examinador quanto à classificação dos estágios apresentou concordância quase perfeita (Kappa = 0,94). Com a revisão de escopo, foi possível notar uma predileção, na literatura, por métodos não-destrutivos para a estimativa da idade dental em indivíduos arqueológicos; dentre eles, a análise de características do desenvolvimento e maturação dental, a avaliação do depósito de dentina secundária na câmara pulpar e a análise do desgaste dental. A aplicação da proporção das áreas pulpar/dental obteve idades próximas ou que cruzaram os intervalos etários estimados anteriormente por outros métodos antropológicos pelo MAE-USP. A avaliação dos estágios de desenvolvimento apresentou bons resultados: dos 18 dentes avaliados, 15 tiveram a idade estimada dentro do intervalo etário anteriormente avaliado pelo MAE-USP e apenas três não coincidiram, sendo que dois ficaram poucos anos abaixo das idades estimadas anteriormente e o outro, oito anos. Após a realização do estudo, foi possível concluir que ambas as técnicas podem ser aplicadas em remanescentes arqueológicos.


Subject(s)
Paleodontology , Archaeology , Age Determination by Teeth
10.
Rev. Fac. Odontol. (B.Aires) ; 37(87): 15-23, 2022. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1537768

ABSTRACT

Uno de los aspectos más relevantes del actual mundo globalizado reside en las incesantes corrientes mi-gratorias, donde un gran número de menores de edad se encuentran desprotegidos de sus derechos esen-ciales. En tales contextos, la estimación forense de la edad se sustenta en la aplicación multidisciplinaria de diferentes criterios científicos validados interna-cionalmente. La exposición a la radiación ionizante es común en técnicas destinadas a analizar los periodos de mineralización y cierre apical de la dentición de-finitiva, generando controversias respecto a la inva-sión que ello supone sobre la salud de las personas involucradas, cuestionándose que el acto pericial realizado no redunda en beneficios terapéuticos que justifiquen tal exposición. En ámbitos penales donde se busca dilucidar la mayoría de edad de jóvenes que han delinquido, la evaluación de los terceros molares representa una estrategia crucial para estimarla, constituyendo el índice de madurez (I3M) desarrolla-do por Cameriere et al., el método cuantitativo más di-fundido. El presente artículo reflexiona sobre aspec-tos bioéticos inherentes a tales procesos, poniendo énfasis en la autonomía, beneficencia, no maleficen-cia y justicia como principios insustituibles que deben respetarse en ámbitos afines a la edad forense (AU)


One of the most relevant aspects of the current globalized world lies in the incessant migratory flows, where a large number of minors are unprotected of their essential rights. In such contexts, the forensic estimation of age is based on the multidisciplinary application of different internationally validated scientific criteria. Exposure to ionizing radiation is common in techniques designed to analyze the periods of mineralization and apical closure of the final dentition, generating controversies regarding the invasion that this implies on the health of the people involved, questioning whether the expert act carried out does not redound in therapeutic benefits justifying such exposure. In criminal settings where it is sought to elucidate the age of majority of young people who have committed crimes, the evaluation of third molars represents a crucial strategy to estimate it, constituting the maturity index (I3M) developed by Cameriere et al., the most widespread quantitative method. This article reflects on bioethical aspects inherent to such processes, emphasizing in the autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice as irreplaceable principles that must be respected in areas related to forensic age (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Age Determination by Teeth/methods , Radiography, Panoramic , Forensic Dentistry/ethics , Molar, Third/diagnostic imaging
11.
Rev. Ciênc. Méd. Biol. (Impr.) ; 20(3): 466-471, dez 20, 2021. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1354350

ABSTRACT

Introdução: a epidermólise bolhosa compreende um grupo de doenças genéticas e raras da pele, onde há uma fragilidade estrutural da pele e das mucosas. A gravidade das manifestações clínicas varia de acordo com o subtipo envolvido, no qual a citada enfermidade distrófica recessiva é a mais severa. Há várias implicações sistêmicas, como a anemia, a desidratação e a desnutrição. O envolvimento bucal acompanha e torna mais severo o comprometimento sistêmico. As alterações em tecidos moles e duros dessa região variam consideravelmente. São relatados atrasos no crescimento e desenvolvimento dentoesquelético. Objetivo: considerando as possíveis alterações de desenvolvimento, este estudo tem o objetivo de mensurar a idade dentária em pacientes com epidermólise bolhosa distrófica recessiva, verificando a acurácia de dois métodos em relação à idade cronológica. Metodologia: foi realizado um estudo descritivo analítico transversal do tipo série de casos, que avaliou a idade dentária de 10 pacientes pelos métodos de Demirjian e Willems. Resultados: não houve divergência significativa entre as idades dentária e cronológica, com superestimação comum aos métodos utilizados. Conclusão: sugere-se que o tempo de maturação dentária pode ser um parâmetro estável frente a fatores adversos ao desenvolvimento, que são comuns a esse grupo. São necessários estudos que avaliem também outras variáveis para melhor compreender a relação da epidermólise bolhosa com o desenvolvimento dentoesquelético.


Introduction: Epidermolysis Bullosa (EB) describes a group of rare genetic skin diseases where there is structural fragility within the skin and mucosa. Severity of clinical manifestations varies according to the specific EB type, and the most severe EB type is recessive dystrophic EB. There are several systemic implications, such as anemia, dehydration and malnutrition. There are also oral manifestations, so systemic manifestations may be more severe. Changes in soft and hard oral tissues vary considerably. Dentofacial growth and development retardation is reported. Aim: considering developmental changes, this study aims to measure the dental age of patients with recessive dystrophic EB by verifying the accuracy of two methods in relation to chronological age. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional and analytical study of case series was carried out, which assessed the dental age of 10 patients using Demirjian and Willems methods. Results: there was not significant divergence between dental and chronological ages, but there was mutual overestimation related to both methods. Conclusion: it is suggested that dental maturation period may be a stable parameter against adverse developmental factors that are common to this group. Studies that also assess other variables are necessary to better understand the relation between EB and dentofacial growth.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Age Determination by Teeth , Child Development , Epidermolysis Bullosa , Laboratory and Fieldwork Analytical Methods , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Genetic Diseases, Inborn
12.
Int. j. morphol ; 39(3): 780-784, jun. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385417

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: The aim of the present study was to investigate the possibility of estimating crown formation times of immature deciduous teeth and age at death in Neolithic newborns. In the Neolithic-Mesolithic transition, the health of the population deteriorated. Leaving the intrauterine environment for the newborn is the first obstacle in the process of adaptation and survival in the outside world. The fetus is protected by the mother's immune system and receives the necessary nutrients through the umbilical cord, but external factors indirectly affect its development. At birth deciduous teeth are not fully formed and are only partially mineralized. Variations in the rhythmic activity of ameloblasts and the secretion of the enamel matrix lead to the formation of incremental lines in the enamel. The sample consisted of unerupted deciduous teeth removed from the baby jaws from Neolithic archaeological graves, LepenskiVir Serbia. The skeletal age of the babies was from 38 to 40 gestational weeks. The daily enamel apposition rate was obtained for each tooth. The age of individuals was estimated using crown formation time. The average value of daily secretion rates for the primary teeth from the Neolithic age was 3.78 µm. There was no statistically significant difference in age at death determined by skeletal age assessment and crown formation time. Three babies were born preterm. The results of the present study show that the calculation of the time required for the formation of deciduous tooth enamel is applicable to archaeological samples of newborns.The age estimation using crown formation time together with the analysis of other anthropological parameters, can contribute to a more accurate determination of neonatal death in anthropological, archaeological and forensic contexts.


RESUMEN: El objetivo del estudio fue investigar la posibilidad de estimar el tiempo de formación de la corona de los dientes deciduos inmaduros y la edad, al momento de la muerte en neonatos neolíticos. Durante la transición Neolítico-Mesolítico, la salud de la población deterioró significativamente. Para el recién nacido dejar el medio intrauterino es el primer obstáculo en el proceso de adaptación y supervivencia en el mundo exterior. El feto está protegido por el sistema inmunológico de la madre y recibe los nutrientes necesarios a través del cordón umbilical, pero factores externos afectan indirectamente su desarrollo. Al nacer, los dientes deciduos no están completamente formados y solo están parcialmente mineralizados. Las variaciones en la actividad rítmica de los ameloblastos y la secreción de la matriz del esmalte conducen a la formación de líneas incrementales en el esmalte. La muestra consistió en dientes sin erupción extraídos de las mandíbulas de neonatos de tumbas arqueológicas neolíticas, LepenskiVir Serbia. La edad esquelética de los bebés fue de 38 a 40 semanas de gestación. Se obtuvo la tasa diaria de aposición de esmalte para cada diente. La edad de los individuos se estimó utilizando el tiempo de formación de la copa. El valor promedio de las tasas de secreción diaria para los dientes temporales del Neolítico fue de 3,78µm. No hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la edad al momento de la muerte determinada por la evaluación de la edad esquelética y el tiempo de formación de la corona. Tres bebés nacieron prematuros. Los resultados del presente estudio muestran que el cálculo del tiempo requerido para la formación del esmalte dental deciduo es aplicable a muestras arqueológicas de recién nacidos. La estimación de la edad utilizando el tiempo de formación de la corona junto con el análisis de otros parámetros antropológicos, puede contribuir a una mayor determinación precisa de la muerte neonatal en contextos antropológicos, arqueológicos y forenses.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Tooth, Deciduous/growth & development , Age Determination by Teeth , Tooth Crown/growth & development , Dental Enamel/growth & development , Time Factors , Forensic Anthropology , Perinatal Death
13.
Rev. Bras. Odontol. Leg. RBOL ; 8(1): [88-98], 20210427.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1281479

ABSTRACT

O objetivo foi analisar a efetividade dos critérios empregados pela Odontologia Legal, comparando idade estimada (IE) com idade cronológica (IC) dos indivíduos desconhecidos que deram entrada no Instituto Médico Legal Dr. André Roquette em 2017. A amostra final de dados secundários foi de 167 desconhecidos, originados no Sistema de Informatização e Gerenciamento dos Atos de Polícia Judiciária-PCNet. Categorizou-se o uso do critério odontológico (Sim/Não), compreendido por: Dentes Presentes, Desgaste Dentário, Presença de Rebordos Remanescentes, Mineralização das Raízes Dentárias e Estrutura Óssea dos Maxilares, como "Sim" e Elementos Morfológicos do Corpo e Face, Tecidos Anexos como "Não". Os componentes da amostra foram divididos em Grupos 1, 2 e 3, de acordo com o estrato etário. Como resultado, viu-se que a maioria dos desconhecidos era do sexo masculino (91,7%). A prevalência de uso do critério odontológico foi de 100%. Concluiu-se que o uso dos critérios odontológicos é relevante estratégia pericial na estimativa de idade. Contudo, se faz premente a calibração da equipe e padronização de critérios, visando garantir a efetividade e o rigor científico, tanto no IMLAR/BH, como em outros Institutos Médico-legais do país.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Age Determination by Teeth , Forensic Anthropology , Forensic Dentistry
14.
Med. leg. Costa Rica ; 38(1)mar. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1386284

ABSTRACT

Resumen La odontología forense representa una de las disciplinas más útilesen la identificación de seres humanos, los dientes también puedenbrindar entre otras características la edad aproximada de una persona. A lo largo de la historia se han desarrollado diferentes métodos de estimación de edad dentro de los cuáles el método de Lamendin(translucidez radicular) resulta sencillo y bastante precisosin la necesidad de equipo especializado para su realización. Como cualquier método diagnóstico presenta limitaciones, puede ser utilizado en adultos después de los 20 años en dientes unirradiculares sin caries, presentando mayor fiabilidad y precisión, cuando el rango de edad se mantiene entre 40 y 70 años. Sin embargo, el mismo no toma en consideración el sexo, ni la raza, por lo que esto puede representar una limitación considerable; aunado a lo anterior en Costa Rica hasta hoy no existen estudios que permitan corroborar la efectividad del método Lamendin en la población.


Abstract Forensic dentistry represents one of the most useful disciplines in the identification of human beings, teeth can also provide, among other characteristics, the approximate age of a person. Throughout history, different age estimation methods have been developed, among which the Lamendin method (root translucency) is simple and quite accurate without the need for specialized equipment to perform it.As any diagnostic method has limitations, it can be used in adults after the age of 20 in single-rooted teeth without caries, presenting greater reliability and precision, when the age range remains between 40 and 70 years. However, it does not take gender or race into consideration, so this can represent a considerable limitation; In addition to the above, in Costa Rica, to date, there are no studies that allow corroborating the effectiveness of the Lamendin method in the population.


Subject(s)
Age Determination by Teeth/methods
15.
Int. j. morphol ; 39(1): 216-221, feb. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385292

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different staining techniques on applicability and accuracy of tooth cementum annulation (TCA) method. Nine decalcination techniques, 8 dehydration protocols and 8 different techniques were applied in 3 teeth from the persons of a known age. Black and white, and color images of histological sections were captured. An x- ray was taken of each tooth and they were photographed. Researchers were asked to observe both black/white and color images of histological sections. Researchers were divided into two groups. The first group analyzed histological images only, and the second group had photos of teeth and X-rays. In the first group of observers (without X ray) the differences in age estimation between real and observed age were significant for 2 younger patients, but not for the oldest patient, where the observed and real values matched. Of the 6 raters, the assesments of the last 3 (that used x-ray images together with histological sections) did not differ significantly from the real values. Extensive analysis and multiple repetitions performed in the present investigation revealed that the most optimal method of decalcification for TCA method was EDTA II for a period longer than 14 days at a section thickness of 2-3mm, while the most optimal protocol for dehydration was number IV. When it comes to staining, the most optimal staining protocol used for the cemental lines visualization and counting was Crocein Scarlet/Acid Fuchsin staining and Toluidine blue staining used at semithin section. Additional use of preexperimental evaluation employing x-ray of analyzed teeth decreased the errors of age estimation.


RESUMEN: El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto de diferentes técnicas de tinción sobre la aplicación y precisión del método de anulación de cemento dental (TCA). Se usaron nueve técnicas de descalcinación, 8 protocolos de deshidratación y 8 técnicas diferentes en 3 dientes de personas de edad conocida. Se capturaron imágenes en blanco y negro y en color de cortes histológicos. Se tomó una radiografía de cada diente y se fotografiaron. Los investigadores observaron las imágenes en blanco y negro y en color de las secciones histológicas. Los investigadores se dividieron en dos grupos; el primer grupo analizó solo imágenes histológicas y el segundo grupo tenía fotografías de los dientes y las radiografías. En el primer grupo de observadores (sin rayos X) las diferencias en la estimación de la edad entre la edad real y la edad observada fueron significativas para 2 pacientes más jóvenes, pero no para el paciente de mayor edad, donde los valores observados y reales coincidieron. De los 6 evaluadores, las valoraciones de los 3 últimos (que utilizaron imágenes de rayos X junto con cortes histológicos) no difirieron significativamente de los valores reales. El análisis exhaustivo y las múltiples repeticiones realizadas en la presente investigación revelaron que el método de descalcificación más óptimo para el método TCA fue EDTA II durante un período superior a 14 días con un grosor de sección de 2-3 mm, mientras que el protocolo óptimo para la deshidratación fue el número IV. En lo que respecta a la tinción, el protocolo de tinción más óptimo utilizado para la visualización y el recuento de las líneas de cemento fue la tinción con croceína escarlata / fucsina ácida y la tinción con azul de toluidina utilizada en la sección semifina. El uso adicional de la evaluación pre-experimental que emplea los rayos X de los dientes analizados disminuyó los errores de estimación de la edad.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Staining and Labeling/methods , Age Determination by Teeth/methods , Dental Cementum/anatomy & histology , Forensic Dentistry
16.
Journal of Forensic Medicine ; (6): 181-186, 2021.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-985206

ABSTRACT

Objective To study the accuracy of Nolla method for age estimation of Northern Chinese Han children aged between 5.00 and 14.99 years based on original transformation tables and multiple regression model. Methods A total of 2 000 orthopantomographs (OPGs) were collected from the Hospital of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, including 1 000 males and 1 000 females. Development stage of 7 left mandibular permanent teeth (except third molars) was assessed based on Nolla method, then age estimation was conducted through transformation tables and multiple regression model, respectively. Firstly, the development stage results of 7 permanent teeth were added up and the estimated age was obtained through the original transformation tables. Secondly, 80% of the samples (80 males and 80 females in each age group) were randomly selected from 2 000 OPGs as the train set. The chronological age of the selected patients was taken as the dependent variable, while gender and the development stage results of 7 permanent teeth were taken as the independent variable to establish multiple regression model. The remaining 20% of the samples were substituted into the model as the test set, to verify the accuracy of age estimation by multiple regression model. Results Mean chronological ages of males and females were 10.03±0.09 years and 10.01±0.09 years, respectively. The age estimated by original transformation tables showed an overestimation for males (0.18 years on average) and an underestimation for females (0.02 years on average), with mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.94 years and 0.97 years, respectively. While the results by multiple regression model showed that males were overestimated by 0.06 years on average and females were underestimated by 0.02 years on average. The MAE was 0.66 years and 0.77 years, respectively. Conclusion The Nolla method is suitable for age estimation of Northern Chinese Han children. Compared with the original transformation tables method, the multiple regression model is more accurate for age estimation.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Age Determination by Teeth , Asian People , China , Molar, Third , Radiography, Panoramic
17.
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1250447

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To test the modified Demirjian's method of dental age estimation on the South Indian population and correlate it with the patient's chronological age. Material and Methods: This retrospective radiographic study was performed on digital panoramic radiographs taken during a one-year duration. Radiographs of patients in the age range from 8 to 18 years were included in the study. The radiographs were examined and according to the stage of the crown and root status of the left side mandibular teeth. The stage of calcification was observed for eight teeth in the mandibular arch and was recorded in a specially designed proforma. Each rated tooth with stage was converted into a score using a conversion table specified for girls and boys. Results: 224 digital panoramic radiographs were retrieved from the radiologic database. Out of total study sample, 49.5% (n=111) were boys and 50.5% (n=113). The mean chronological and estimated dental age using dental maturity scores resulted in an overestimation of 3 years and eight months. Also, it was noted that there was a strong positive association between chronological (real) and dental age. Conclusion: It was observed that there was a strong correlation between chronological and dental age. A new formula for determining the chronological age from the estimated dental age was derived. Further studies on a larger population may prove the reliability of this age estimation method.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Tooth/growth & development , Age Determination by Teeth , Radiography, Panoramic/instrumentation , Forensic Dentistry , Retrospective Studies , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Growth and Development , Age and Sex Distribution , India/epidemiology
18.
Rev. Fac. Odontol. (B.Aires) ; 36(83): 27-33, 2021. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1342881

ABSTRACT

El desarrollo de los dientes representa el criterio más utilizado para estimar la edad en niños y adultos jóvenes. El método de Cameriere et al., aceptado y validado internacionalmente, evalúa radiográficamente la edad dental a través de mediciones de dientes con el ápice abierto y la aplicación de ecuaciones de regresión específicas. En el presente estudio se analizaron 7 dientes mandibulares (excepto los terceros molares) en 122 radiografías panorámicas digitales mediante el programa ImageJ, de una muestra de ciudadanos argentinos de 5 a 19 años (63 masculinos y 54 femeninas) con el objetivo de evaluar la precisión del método propuesto por Cameriere et al. Se registraron los datos de sexo y edad de las ortopantomografías en forma ciega de la base de datos. Se desarrollaron modelos de regresión lineal para la estimación de la edad. Los resultados demostraron que el sistema es confiable para la estimación de la edad en la población estudiada, con un error absoluto medio de 0.014 años entre edades cronológicas y estimadas (p=0,603). Hubo una ligera tendencia a sobreestimar las edades de 5 a 10 años y a subestimar las edades de 11 a 16 años. Se considera apropiado efectuar nuevas investigaciones para obtener mayores conclusiones y contribuir a la estandarización del método Cameriere con fines forenses en Argentina (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Age Determination by Teeth , Forensic Dentistry , Argentina/epidemiology , Reference Standards , Radiography, Panoramic , Logistic Models , Dental Service, Hospital , Age and Sex Distribution
19.
Braz. dent. sci ; 24(4): 1-9, 2021. tab, ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1337610

ABSTRACT

Objective: One of the techniques of estimating age in forensic medicine, which is associated with the least trauma in both living individuals and corpses, is to use teeth. Accordingly, the present study aims to determine the relationship between chronological age and pulp-to-tooth area ratio and pulp-to-root width ratio in maxillary and mandibular canines on panoramic radiographs among the Iranian population. Material and Methods: A total of 162 panoramic radiographs were evaluated in the present study. Selected patients were of verified age with the age range of 15-45 years. The pulp-to-tooth area ratio (PTR) and the pulp-to-root width ratio were calculated with AutoCAD 2016 software program in maxillary and mandibular canines at two points of the root. The two points include cemento-enamel Junction (CEJ) and pulp/root width at the quarter of a distance between CEJ and end point of root-canal, which was named WA, WB respectively. The patients' age was also estimated with the use of linear regression equation. Then each patient's chronological age and the age estimated using this technique was compared. Results: The relationship between PTR in both canines and WB variable in maxilla with chronological age was inverse and significant (P < 0.05); However, there was no strong correlation coefficient (r≤- o.37). Gender had no effect on the results of the study. The mean difference between predicted age and actual age with combined PTR and WB formula was lower than 1 year. When the mean of PTR or WB variables was considered as a predictor, significant results were obtained (P < 0.05), showing a decrease in Standard error of estimation (SEE). The results were not significant when variables of upper PTR and lower PTR and the interaction between them were included in the linear regression model (p > 0.05). Same results were obtained with the variable of WB. Conclusion: Combining the variables of PTR and WB gives better results than using variables alone. Estimation of age with the mean of each variable shows less error than their combination. (AU)


Objetivo: Uma das técnicas de estimativa da idade na medicina legal, que está associada ao menor trauma em indivíduos vivos e cadáveres, é usar os dentes. Nesse sentido, o presente estudo tem como objetivo determinar a relação entre a idade cronológica e a relação área polpa-dente e relação largura-polpa-raiz em caninos superiores e inferiores em radiografias panorâmicas na população iraniana. Material e Métodos: Um total de 162 radiografias panorâmicas são avaliadas no presente estudo. Os pacientes selecionados são da idade verificada com a faixa etária de 15-45 anos. A relação de área polpa-dente (PTR) e a relação largura-polpa-raiz são calculadas com o programa de software AutoCAD 2016 em caninos superiores e inferiores em dois pontos da raiz. Os dois pontos incluem a junção cemento-esmalte (CEJ) e a largura da polpa / raiz no quarto de distância entre a CEJ e o ponto final do canal radicular, que é denominado WA, WB. A idade dos pacientes também é estimada com o uso da equação de regressão linear. Em seguida, a idade cronológica de cada paciente e a idade estimada usando esta técnica são comparadas. Resultados: A relação entre a PTR em ambos os caninos e a variável WB na maxila com a idade cronológica é inversa e significativa (P <0,05); No entanto, não existe um coeficiente de correlação forte (r≤- o.37). O gênero não tem efeito nos resultados do estudo. A diferença média entre a idade prevista e a idade real com a combinação de PTR e fórmula WB é inferior a 1 ano. Quando a média das variáveis PTR ou WB é considerada como preditora, resultados significativos são obtidos (P <0,05), mostrando uma diminuição no SEE. Os resultados não são significativos quando as variáveis de PTR superior e PTR inferior e a interação entre elas são incluídas no modelo de regressão linear p> 0,05). Os mesmos resultados são obtidos com a variável de WB. Conclusão: Combinar as variáveis de PTR e WB dá melhores resultados do que usar variáveis sozinhas. A estimativa da idade com a média de cada variável apresenta menos erros do que sua combinação. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Age Determination by Teeth , Radiography, Panoramic , Cuspid
20.
Dental press j. orthod. (Impr.) ; 26(4): e2119292, 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1339802

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: This study aimed to establish a correlation between the stages of tooth calcification of mandibular canines and second molars with the phases of skeletal development. Methods: In a consecutive series of panoramic, cephalometric and hand-wrist radiographs of 113 individuals (60 females and 53 males) with an average age of 12.24 ± 1.81 years, the stages of mandibular canine and second molar calcification, cervical vertebrae maturation indicators (CVMI) and skeletal maturity indicators (SMI) were classified. The variables were correlated by means of the Spearman's Rank test: chronological age, SMI, CVMI and tooth calcification stages. In order to assess whether the CVMI and tooth calcification stages were significant predictors of the SMI, an ordinal regression analysis was carried out. Results: The stages of CVMI (OR = 16.92; CI 95% = 6.45-44.39; p< 0.001) and calcification of the second molars (OR = 3.22; CI 95% = 1.50-6.92; p= 0.003) were significant predictors of SMI, however similar result was not observed for canines (OR = 0.52, CI 95% = 0.18-1.54; p= 0.239). Calcification stage E for boys, and E and F for girls corresponded to the pre-peak phase of pubertal growth. Stages G and H for boys, and F and G for girls coincided with peak of growth. In the final growth phase, the majority of second molars presented with root apex closure (stage H). Conclusion: The stages of calcification of the second molar may be considered predictors of the stage of skeletal development in the population studied.


RESUMO Objetivo: O presente estudo objetivou estabelecer uma correlação entre os estágios de calcificação dentária de caninos e segundos molares inferiores e as fases do desenvolvimento esquelético. Métodos: Em uma série consecutiva de radiografias panorâmicas, cefalométricas e de mão e punho de 113 indivíduos (60 meninas e 53 meninos) com idade média de 12,24 ± 1,81 anos, foram classificados os estágios de calcificação do canino e do segundo molar inferiores, indicadores de maturação das vértebras cervicais (IMVC) e indicadores de maturação esquelética (IME). As variáveis foram correlacionadas pelo teste de Correlação de Rank de Spearman: idade cronológica, IME, IMVC e estágios de calcificação dentária. A fim de avaliar se os estágios do IMVC e da calcificação dentária foram preditores significativos do IME, foi realizada uma análise de regressão ordinal. Resultados: Os estágios de IMVC (OR = 16,92; IC 95% = 6,45-44,39; p< 0,001) e calcificação dos segundos molares (OR = 3,22; IC 95% = 1,50-6,92; p= 0,003) foram preditores significativos de IME; no entanto, esse não foi o caso com dentes caninos (OR = 0,52, IC 95% = 0,18-1,54; p= 0,239). Os estágios de calcificação E para meninos e E e F para meninas corresponderam à fase pré-pico de crescimento puberal. Os estágios G e H para meninos e F e G para meninas coincidiram com o pico de crescimento. Na fase final de crescimento, a maioria dos segundos molares apresentou fechamento do ápice radicular (estágio H). Conclusão: Os estágios de calcificação do segundo molar podem ser considerados preditores do estágio de desenvolvimento esquelético na população estudada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Age Determination by Teeth , Tooth Calcification , Age Determination by Skeleton , Radiography, Panoramic , Cervical Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging , Cephalometry
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